slowly) receive particularly positive moral character evaluations. In contrast, actors who arrive at a moral decision quickly (vs. Two experiments show that actors who make an immoral decision quickly (vs. This article examines one relevant cue that can characterize any decision process: the speed with which the decision is made. If so, it follows that in considering others’ morally relevant actions, social perceivers should be responsive to accompanying cues that help illuminate actors’ underlying moral character. On 12 ‘critical trials’ confederates gave the wrong answer.It has been suggested that people attend to others’ actions in the service of forming impressions of their underlying dispositions. On the first few trials confederates gave correct answers but then all selected the same wrong answers. On each trial participants identified the length of a standard line. Each was tested individually in a group of between six and eight people and, unknown to the genuine participant, all other members of the group were confederates. Asch recruited 123 American male students. This means Asch’s findings tell us little about conformity in women and people from some cultures. China) have found higher conformity rates (Bond and Smith 1996). Also the USA is an individualist culture and studies in collectivist cultures (e.g. Neto (1995) suggested that women might be more conformist, possibly because they are more concerned about social relationships (and being accepted). Another limitation is that Asch’s findings have little application. This means the findings do not generalise to everyday life (especially those situations where the consequences of conformity are important). Also, Fiske (2014) argued ‘Asch’s groups were not very groupy’ (not like real-life groups). The task was trivial and there was no reason not to conform. Participants knew they were in a research study (demand characteristics). One limitation is that the situation and task were artificial. So informational social influence plays a greater role when the task becomes harder. Task difficulty: Conformity increased when the task was more difficult (the comparison lines were closer in length). Conformity reduced to less than 25% of the level it was when the majority was unanimous. Unanimity: The presence of a dissenting confederate reduced conformity, whether the dissenter was giving the right or wrong answer. Adding any more confederates made little difference. Group size: With two confederates, conformity to the wrong answer was 14% with three it rose to 32%. When all the other group members agreed on the same wrong answer, participants were more likely to conform. Asch’s research also tells us that people conform because of unanimity. The larger the group of confederates, the more likely participants were to conform. Asch’s research tells us that people conform because of group size. More evaluation is required when answering 16-mark essay questions – one or two further critical points. PLEASE ALSO NOTE: The suggested essay answers are for 12-mark answers. They are designed to help guide and instruct you but should not be considered definitive. Illuminate Publishing AQA Psychology for A Level Year 1 & AS Revision Guide 2nd Edition – Knowledge Check answers 1 AQA Psychology for A Level Year 1 & AS Revision Guide 2nd Edition Knowledge Check answers PLEASE NOTE: This document contains suggested model answers that would achieve a good mark if provided in an exam.
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